Description

Diagnostic & Operative Laparoscopy & Hysteroscopy in Fertility Treatment Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy are minimally invasive surgical procedures used to diagnose and treat conditions affecting female fertility. These procedures help doctors evaluate and correct uterine, fallopian tube, and ovarian abnormalities that may interfere with conception or pregnancy. 1️⃣ Laparoscopy (Pelvic Endoscopy) Laparoscopy is a keyhole surgery used to examine and treat conditions affecting the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and pelvic cavity. It involves inserting a thin camera (laparoscope) through a small incision in the abdomen. 🔹 Indications for Diagnostic Laparoscopy ✅ Unexplained infertility – If standard fertility tests (HSG, ultrasound) are inconclusive. ✅ Endometriosis suspicion – To confirm and stage the disease. ✅ Tubal blockages – To assess tubal patency and remove obstructions. ✅ Pelvic adhesions (scar tissue) – Can result from infections, previous surgeries, or endometriosis. ✅ Ovarian cysts or PCOS – To diagnose and sometimes treat ovarian disorders. ✅ Fibroids (subserosal or intramural) – To check their impact on fertility. 🔹 Operative Laparoscopy (If abnormalities are found) If an issue is detected, the surgeon can often treat it immediately by inserting tiny surgical instruments through additional small incisions. 🔸 Endometriosis removal – Laser or excision of endometriotic lesions. 🔸 Tubal surgery – Removal of blockages or hydrosalpinx. 🔸 Adhesiolysis – Cutting and removing scar tissue. 🔸 Ovarian drilling (for PCOS) – To induce ovulation in resistant cases. 🔸 Fibroid removal (myomectomy) – If fibroids are affecting implantation. ✅ Benefits of Laparoscopy ✔ Minimally invasive – Small incisions, faster recovery. ✔ Diagnostic & treatment in one procedure – Immediate correction of problems. ✔ High success rates – Especially for endometriosis and tubal corrections. ❌ Risks & Considerations ❌ Requires general anesthesia ❌ Post-op pain and bloating (temporary) ❌ Risk of infection or adhesion formation (rare) 2️⃣ Hysteroscopy (Uterine Endoscopy) Hysteroscopy is a procedure that examines the inside of the uterus (endometrial cavity) using a thin, lighted tube (hysteroscope) inserted through the vagina and cervix. It can be diagnostic or operative. 🔹 Indications for Diagnostic Hysteroscopy ✅ Recurrent miscarriage or implantation failure – To check for uterine abnormalities. ✅ Abnormal uterine bleeding – To detect polyps, fibroids, or hormonal issues. ✅ Uterine anomalies – Such as a septum, bicornuate uterus, or adhesions. ✅ Endometrial polyps – Can interfere with embryo implantation. ✅ Suspected Asherman’s Syndrome – Scar tissue inside the uterus. 🔹 Operative Hysteroscopy If an issue is detected, it can be corrected immediately: 🔸 Polyp removal – Improves embryo implantation chances. 🔸 Fibroid removal (submucosal fibroids) – Enhances fertility outcomes. 🔸 Septum resection – Corrects congenital uterine anomalies. 🔸 Adhesiolysis – Removal of intrauterine adhesions (Asherman’s Syndrome). ✅ Benefits of Hysteroscopy ✔ No incisions – Performed via the vagina. ✔ Short recovery time – Back to normal activities in 24–48 hours. ✔ Highly effective for treating uterine conditions. ❌ Risks & Considerations ❌ Mild cramping or spotting post-procedure. ❌ Rare complications – Infection, uterine perforation, or fluid overload. Recovery After Laparoscopy & Hysteroscopy Laparoscopy: 5–7 days for full recovery, mild discomfort for a few days. Hysteroscopy: 24–48 hours for recovery, minimal discomfort. Light spotting or mild cramping may occur post-surgery. Avoid intercourse/tampons for 1–2 weeks to prevent infection. Impact on Fertility & Success Rates Laparoscopy for endometriosis/tubal issues: Increases pregnancy rates by 30–50%. Hysteroscopy for uterine conditions: Can improve implantation rates in IVF cycles by 40–60%. Would you like to discuss whether these procedures are right for your situation? 😊